There is an interesting cognitive bias known as the "curse of knowledge," where one mistakenly believes that others have all the necessary information to make decisions or understand something. Often, those who fall victim to this bias lack empathy.

This is because our ability to explain depends directly on our ability to perceive another person's state.

What does this work?

A listener does not understand what the speaker is trying to explain In a dialogue. Although the thought the speaker is trying to convey may be elementary and logical to himself, the listener does not understand it, causing the speaker to also wonder as well why he cannot be understood.

This becomes serious when you try to guess someone's actions, or for example, when a teacher cannot clearly explain the material.

There is an experiment that was conducted by a student of Stanford University, Elizabeth Newton, in 1990.

1. The participants were divided into two groups: the first group tapped a simple melody on a table, and the second group had to guess the melody.

2. Before the experiment began, those who were tapping were asked how many songs they thought would be guessed. As the melodies they were tapping seemed very simple, most of them responded that at least half of the compositions should be guessed.

As a result, only 2.5 percent of the melodies were guessed.

The majority of those who were tapping were unable to separate themselves from their knowledge and predicted the behavior of the listeners incorrectly.

Interestingly, the tendency towards the "curse of knowledge" is related to a lack of empathy. As a result, the problem is not so much knowledge itself, but the inability to realize that the interlocutor may think differently simply because they do not have the same information.

Of course, this distortion does not refer to our working routine when we see that the listener does not understand much, but we simply do not want to clarify everything. This is because they do not really need all that information :)