It is commonly known that the information age consists of a historical period that began between the middle and end of the 20th century, more specifically between the 1950s and 1970s. This era is characterized by a rapid change in traditional industries, established during the Industrial Revolution, for an economy centered on information technology. Currently, with the beginning of the 19th century and the direction of the economy towards digital and artificial technologies, everything indicates that we are entering a new historical period, specifically the digital and artificial era. With the evolution of «Web 1.0» to «Web 4.0» and the emergence of new disruptive technologies, the use of computer systems has expanded at an even faster pace, with recent technological advances. In the «financial technology» («FinTech») and «decentralized finance» («DeFi») sector, advances in distributed ledger «technologies» («DLTs») stand out. In the sector of «immersive» and «sensorial» technologies, «digital reality» and the «metaverse», essentially in terms of «digital sensory interaction» and «extended reality» («XR»), i. e. «virtual» («VR»), «augmented» («AR») and «mixed» («MR») reality. In the «artificial intelligence» («AI») sector, mainly in terms of «general-purpose AI» («GAI» or «GPAI»), «foundations models» («FMs»), «largue language models» («LLMs»), «natural language processing» (NLP), «generative AI» («GenAI»), computer vision and predective analysis.