The 1900s were a time of violence, chaos, and a search for meaning. The Industrial Revolution created many new conveniences, and extended lifespans, but brought with it a focus on individual economic productivity that was isolating. Many people felt lack. Communism was one proposed solution to this that gained popularity — with Lenin, Mao, Chavez and others promising their countrymen a return to pre-industrial, early agrarian times. Where men were equal and social relationships were paramount.